What can happen if venting is inadequate in a plumbing system?

Venting plays a critical role in maintaining the proper function of a plumbing system. Adequate venting allows for the equalization of pressure within the drainage system, which is crucial for the smooth flow of wastewater. When venting is inadequate, it can lead to pressure fluctuations in the system. These fluctuations disrupt the gravitational flow of wastewater, potentially causing issues such as slow drainage, gurgling sounds in fixtures, or even backups.

An ineffective vent can create negative pressure, leading to a vacuum that might prevent wastewater from draining properly. This can affect the entire plumbing system and the performance of individual fixtures, as they rely on an unobstructed flow of water and air in order to operate efficiently. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the impact of inadequate venting on pressure fluctuations and overall system function.